前言
Debian和Ubuntu系统自带的Python版本通常比较低，对于一些要求Python高版本的项目很是烦恼。下面是升级Python版本的代码
一键脚本安装Python3.6-Python3.10
bash <(curl -sSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/midoks/choose-linux-python/main/install.sh)
安装Python3.8
cat <<"EOF" | bash
sudo apt install build-essential zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libgdbm-dev libnss3-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev libreadline-dev libffi-dev curl libbz2-dev -y && \
curl -O https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.2/Python-3.8.2.tar.xz && \
tar -xf Python-3.8.2.tar.xz && \
cd Python-3.8.2 && \
./configure --enable-optimizations && \
make -j 4 && \
sudo make altinstall && \
python3.8 --version
EOF
apt update && apt install python3-pip
安装Python3.10
cat <<"EOF" | bash
apt update && apt upgrade -y
apt install git wget curl screen htop vim sudo -y
apt-get --purge remove python3 python3-pip -y
apt install build-essential libreadline-dev libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev libbz2-dev libffi-dev zlib1g-dev -y
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.8/Python-3.10.8.tgz
tar -xzvf Python-3.10.8.tgz
cd Python-3.10.8
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
make altinstall
rm -f /usr/bin/python3
rm -f /usr/local/bin/pip3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.10 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.10 /usr/bin/pip3
python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
EOF
python3 -V && pip3 -V
查看python位置
ls /usr/bin/python*
一般是/usr/bin/python2和/usr/bin/python3
查询当前配置
update-alternatives --list python
没有配置过的话会返回update-alternatives: error: no alternatives for python
配置默认版本
通过设置优先级来实现默认使用python3
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python2 1
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3 2
查询默认版本号
python --version
注意
有些脚本需要手动修改python版本（如yum），将/usr/bin/python改为/usr/bin/python2